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	<title>Start a Petition &#187; copyright laws</title>
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		<title>Is this the hope and change that we voted for?</title>
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		<description><![CDATA[Copyright Treaty Is Policy Laundering at Its Finest


 By David Kravets  
 


The blogosphere is abuzz over an apparently leaked document showing the United States trying to push its controversial DMCA-style notice-and-takedown process on the world. But since Threat Level already lives in the land of the DMCA, or Digital Millennium Copyright Act, we&#8217;re [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h1>Copyright Treaty Is Policy Laundering at Its Finest</h1>
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<li class="entryAuthor"> By <a title="Posts by David Kravets" href="http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/author/davidkravets/">David Kravets</a><a href="mailto:david_kravets@wired.com"> </a> </li>
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<p>The blogosphere is abuzz over an apparently leaked document showing the United States trying to push its controversial DMCA-style notice-and-takedown process on the world. But since Threat Level already lives in the land of the DMCA, or Digital Millennium Copyright Act, we&rsquo;re more bothered by the fact that the U.S. proposal goes far beyond that 1998 law, and would require Congress to alter the DMCA in a manner even more hostile to consumers.</p>
<p>At issue is the internet section of the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement being developed under a cloak of secrecy by dozens of countries. The leaked document is a three-page European Commission memo written by an unnamed EU official, which purports to summarizes a private briefing given in September by U.S. trade officials.</p>
<p>The language in the Sept. 30 memo shows the United States wants ISPs around the world to punish suspected, repeat downloaders with a system of &ldquo;graduated response&rdquo; &mdash; code for a three-strikes policy that results in the customer eventually being disconnected from the internet with the ISP alone deciding what constitutes infringement and fair use.</p>
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<p>While the proposal specifically says that three strikes wouldn&rsquo;t be mandated, it might as well be. That&rsquo;s because companies that refused to implement the policy would be ejected from the immunity or &ldquo;safe harbor&rdquo; that otherwise protects them from copyright infringement lawsuits over the actions of their customers.</p>
<p>Currently, the DMCA <a href="http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2008/10/ten-years-later/">grants safe harbor status to internet companies</a> that promptly remove allegedly infringing content at the request of the copyright holder. Only if they fail to do so can they be held liable in court, and face up to $150,000 in damages per infringement.</p>
<p>Under the U.S. proposal described in the memo, removing infringing content would no longer be enough to qualify for safe harbor. Companies would have to actively work to combat the flow of unauthorized copyrighted material through their pipes, and specifically implement the &ldquo;graduated response&rdquo; program.</p>
<p>Here is the key paragraph:</p>
<p style="padding-left: 30px;">&ldquo;On the limitations from 3rd party liability: to benefit from safe-harbours, ISPs need to put in place policies to deter unauthorized storage and transmission of IP infringing content (ex: clauses in customers&rsquo; contracts allowing, <em>inter alia</em>, a graduated response). From what we understood, the US will not propose that authorities need to create such systems. Instead, they require some self-regulation by ISPs.&rdquo;</p>
<p>Threat Level obtained the document on condition it not be posted, and we haven&rsquo;t independently verified its authenticity, or that it accurately reflects the positions of the U.S. trade representatives. The document indicates the U.S. refused to turn over anything in writing itself, and briefed E.U. representatives on the plan orally in the hope of avoiding leaks.</p>
<p>The Obama administration has been obsessively secretive about the draft ACTA treaty &mdash; even, at one point, claiming <a href="http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2009/03/obama-declares/">national security could be jeopardized</a> if the proposed treaty&rsquo;s working documents were disclosed to the public. Now, it seems, we know what the administration is hiding.</p>
<p>Obama hasn&rsquo;t asked Congress to implement a three-strike policy, which could anger consumers and watchdog groups. But if the administration gets three strikes written into ACTA, and the United States signs and ratifies the treaty, Congress would be obliged to change the DMCA to comply with it, while the administration throws its hands in the air and says, &ldquo;It wasn&rsquo;t our idea! It&rsquo;s that damn treaty!&rdquo;</p>
<p>That practice is common enough to have a name: policy laundering.</p>
<p>Language in the leaked text throws open the door to ISP filtering for unauthorized content, though there&rsquo;s no way for filters to know whether the material constitutes fair use. That plan is similar to a <a href="http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2009/11/mpaa-filtering">proposal by the Motion Picture Association of America</a>, which wants ISPs to filter for unauthorized motion pictures.</p>
<p>The three-strikes language would be gold to companies like MediaSentry, which browse peer-to-peer networks for infringing content, and identify a user&rsquo;s IP address and ISP. MediaSentry&rsquo;s work was crucial in the RIAA&rsquo;s 6-year-long litigation campaign that amounted to about 30,000 copyright lawsuits against individual file sharers using Kazaa, Limewire and other services.</p>
<p>Until today, the most alarming thing in the proposed ACTA treaty has been the secrecy surrounding it. But now the threat level is higher. It seems the executive branch would rather negotiate with other nations, instead of its own elected officials, about the future of a free and open internet.</p>
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<p>La blogosph&egrave;re est en effervescence sur un document montrant apparemment fui les &Eacute;tats-Unis tentent de pousser son controvers&eacute; DMCA avis de style et de processus de takedown sur le monde. Mais depuis Threat Level vit d&eacute;j&agrave; dans le pays de la DMCA, ou Digital Millennium Copyright Act, nous sommes plus g&ecirc;n&eacute;s par le fait que la proposition des &Eacute;tats-Unis va bien au-del&agrave; de cette loi de 1998, et n&eacute;cessiterait le Congr&egrave;s pour modifier la DMCA d&#39;une mani&egrave;re m&ecirc;me plus hostile pour les consommateurs. L&#39;enjeu est la section Internet de l&#39;Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement d&eacute;velopp&eacute; sous le sceau du secret par des dizaines de pays. La fuite d&#39;un document est un de trois pages de la Commission europ&eacute;enne note r&eacute;dig&eacute;e par un fonctionnaire anonyme de l&#39;UE, qui pr&eacute;tend r&eacute;sume un expos&eacute; priv&eacute;e donn&eacute;e en Septembre par des responsables am&eacute;ricains du commerce. La langue dans la note de service le 30 septembre montre que les &Eacute;tats-Unis veulent que les FAI &agrave; travers le monde pour punir les suspects, downloaders r&eacute;p&eacute;ter avec un syst&egrave;me de &quot;riposte gradu&eacute;e&quot; &#8211; code pour la politique de la gr&egrave;ve de trois qui se traduit par le client d&#39;&ecirc;tre finalement d&eacute;connect&eacute; d&#39;Internet avec l&#39;ISP seul de d&eacute;cider ce qui constitue une infraction et l&#39;usage loyal. &lt;! &#8212; <br /> T&eacute;l&eacute;commandes Universelles &raquo;http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2009/11/policy-laundering/ &#39;; <br /> / / -&gt; Alors que la proposition est dit express&eacute;ment que trois gr&egrave;ves ne seraient pas prescrites, cela aurait tout aussi bien. C&#39;est parce que les entreprises qui ont refus&eacute; d&#39;appliquer la politique serait &eacute;ject&eacute;e de l&#39;immunit&eacute; ou la &quot;sph&egrave;re de s&eacute;curit&eacute;&raquo; qui prot&egrave;ge contre les poursuites autrement les droits d&#39;auteur d&#39;infraction dans les actions de leurs clients. Actuellement, les subventions DMCA statut de &quot;sph&egrave;re de s&eacute;curit&eacute; pour Internet d&#39;entreprises qui &eacute;liminent rapidement incrimin&eacute;es des contenus &agrave; la demande du titulaire du droit d&#39;auteur. Seulement si elles ne le font pas peuvent-ils &ecirc;tre tenus responsables en justice, et faire face &agrave; 150.000 $ en dommages et int&eacute;r&ecirc;ts par infraction. En vertu de la proposition am&eacute;ricaine d&eacute;crit dans le m&eacute;mo, &eacute;limination de la teneur de contrefa&ccedil;on ne serait plus suffisante pour b&eacute;n&eacute;ficier d&#39;une &quot;sph&egrave;re de s&eacute;curit&eacute;. Les entreprises auraient &agrave; travailler activement pour lutter contre le flux de mat&eacute;riel non autoris&eacute; sous copyright par leurs tuyaux, et en particulier mettre en &oelig;uvre la &quot;riposte gradu&eacute;e&quot; du programme. Voici le paragraphe cl&eacute;: &quot;Sur les limites du 3e responsabilit&eacute; civile: pour b&eacute;n&eacute;ficier de&laquo; refuge &raquo;, les FAI doivent mettre en place des politiques visant &agrave; dissuader le stockage et la diffusion illicites de contrefa&ccedil;on de la propri&eacute;t&eacute; intellectuelle du contenu (ex: les clauses dans les contrats clients&raquo; permettant, entre entre autres, une r&eacute;ponse progressive). D&#39;apr&egrave;s ce que nous avons compris, les USA ne proposera que les autorit&eacute;s doivent cr&eacute;er de tels syst&egrave;mes. Au lieu de cela, ils n&eacute;cessitent une certaine auto-r&eacute;gulation par les FSI. &quot;Threat Level obtenu le document &agrave; la condition qu&#39;il ne pas &ecirc;tre affich&eacute;, et nous n&#39;avons pas v&eacute;rifi&eacute;es de mani&egrave;re ind&eacute;pendante l&#39;authenticit&eacute;, ou qu&#39;il refl&egrave;te fid&egrave;lement les positions des repr&eacute;sentants commerciaux des &Eacute;tats-Unis. Le document indique que les &Eacute;tats-Unis ont refus&eacute; de remettre quelque chose dans l&#39;&eacute;criture elle-m&ecirc;me, et a inform&eacute; l&#39;UE repr&eacute;sentants sur le plan oralement dans l&#39;espoir d&#39;&eacute;viter les fuites. L&#39;administration Obama a &eacute;t&eacute; obsessivement secret sur le projet de trait&eacute; ACTA &#8211; m&ecirc;me, &agrave; un moment donn&eacute;, en faisant valoir la s&eacute;curit&eacute; nationale pourrait &ecirc;tre compromise si des documents de travail du projet de trait&eacute; ont &eacute;t&eacute; divulgu&eacute;s au public. Maintenant, il semble, nous savons ce que l&#39;administration se cache. Obama n&#39;a pas demand&eacute; au Congr&egrave;s pour mettre en &oelig;uvre une politique &agrave; trois gr&egrave;ve, qui pourrait la col&egrave;re des consommateurs et des groupes de surveillance. Mais si l&#39;administration re&ccedil;oit trois gr&egrave;ves inscrit dans l&#39;ACTA, et les &Eacute;tats-Unis le signent et ratifient le trait&eacute;, le Congr&egrave;s serait oblig&eacute; de changer le DMCA pour s&#39;y conformer, tandis que l&#39;administration l&egrave;ve ses mains en l&#39;air et dit: &quot;Il n &#39;&eacute;tait pas t notre id&eacute;e! C&#39;est ce trait&eacute; damn! &quot;Cette pratique est assez commun d&#39;avoir un nom: le blanchiment des politiques. Langue dans le texte fuite ouvre grand la porte &agrave; l&#39;ISP de filtrage des contenus non autoris&eacute;s, mais il n&#39;existe aucun moyen pour les filtres de savoir si le mat&eacute;riel qui constitue une utilisation &eacute;quitable. Ce plan est similaire &agrave; une proposition de la Motion Picture Association of America, qui veut que les FAI &agrave; filtrer pour les films non autoris&eacute;s. Les trois gr&egrave;ves de la langue serait l&#39;or &agrave; des soci&eacute;t&eacute;s comme MediaSentry, qui broutent peer-to-peer pour avoir enfreint le contenu et identifier un utilisateur, l&#39;adresse IP et ISP. MediaSentry travail a &eacute;t&eacute; crucial dans la 6, la RIAA ans de campagne &agrave; long contentieux qui s&#39;&eacute;levait &agrave; environ 30.000 poursuites en justice contre les partageurs de fichiers individuels en utilisant Kazaa, Limewire et autres services. Jusqu&#39;&agrave; aujourd&#39;hui, la chose la plus alarmante dans le projet de trait&eacute; ACTA a &eacute;t&eacute; le secret qui l&#39;entoure. Mais maintenant le niveau de menace est plus &eacute;lev&eacute;. Il semble que le pouvoir ex&eacute;cutif serait plut&ocirc;t de n&eacute;gocier avec d&#39;autres nations, au lieu de ses propres fonctionnaires &eacute;lus, sur l&#39;avenir d&#39;un Internet libre et ouvert.</p>
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